On September 24, 1944, American carrier-based aircraft from Task Force 38 descended upon Coron Bay in a devastating surprise attack. The target was a Japanese supply fleet that had sought refuge in the bay's sheltered waters, believing themselves hidden from Allied forces. Within hours, twelve ships lay on the seabed, creating what would become one of the world's most renowned wreck diving destinations.
Today, these ghostly vessels rest in the waters surrounding Coron and Busuanga islands in northern Palawan, transformed from instruments of war into thriving artificial reefs. The wrecks span depths from 10 to over 40 meters, offering diving experiences suitable for beginners to advanced technical divers. The combination of historical significance, marine biodiversity, and accessibility has established Coron as a must-visit destination for wreck diving enthusiasts.
The Major Wrecks
Coron Bay contains approximately twelve diveable shipwrecks, each with its own character and diving experience. The following represent the most popular and accessible sites:
Irako Maru
A 147-meter refrigeration ship lying at 28-42 meters depth, the Irako is considered by many to be Coron's most spectacular wreck. The ship sits upright on the sandy bottom, its massive superstructure intact and penetrable. The engine room, galley, and cargo holds can be explored, with highlights including the telegraph, helm, and various artifacts. Abundant marine life includes batfish schools, lionfish, and nudibranchs.
Okikawa Maru
This 160-meter tanker rests at 10-26 meters, making it accessible to divers of all levels. The bow section rises dramatically from the seabed, festooned with corals and sponges. The relatively shallow depth allows extended exploration time, and the wreck's marine life is exceptional. The remains of anti-aircraft guns can still be seen, providing poignant reminders of the vessel's final moments.
Kogyo Maru
A supply vessel resting at 22-34 meters, the Kogyo Maru remains largely intact with excellent penetration opportunities. The cargo holds reveal construction materials including bags of cement that have hardened into peculiar formations. Schools of batfish, snappers, and sweetlips congregate around the structure, while the coral growth on the upper sections creates vibrant reef habitat.
Akitsushima
Unique among the wrecks, the Akitsushima was a seaplane tender with a massive crane still visible on deck. At 36-38 meters, this wreck requires advanced certification but rewards visitors with impressive scale and historical interest. The crane once used to recover seaplanes now stands encrusted with marine growth, creating an iconic underwater image.
Other Notable Wrecks
- Olympia Maru - A supply ship at 18-25 meters with excellent coral growth and easy penetration
- Morazan Maru - Former freighter at 18-25 meters, great for beginners
- East Tangat Wreck - Small gunboat in shallow water, perfect for snorkelers and new divers
- Skeleton Wreck - Remains of a small vessel at 18-25 meters with photogenic structure
- Lusong Gunboat - Shallow wreck at 3-12 meters, accessible to snorkelers
Diving Conditions
Coron offers year-round diving, though conditions vary by season. The dry season from November to May generally provides the best visibility, ranging from 10 to 25 meters. During the wet season, visibility may decrease but the wrecks remain diveable. Water temperatures stay warm throughout the year at 26-30 degrees Celsius.
Many wrecks feature penetration opportunities requiring proper training and equipment. Current can affect some sites, particularly during tidal changes. Surface conditions in Coron Bay are generally calm, making boat diving comfortable.
Safety and Technical Considerations
Wreck diving presents unique hazards that divers must respect. Penetration should only be attempted by divers with appropriate training, carrying redundant equipment and lights. Silt can quickly reduce visibility to zero inside enclosed spaces, and disorientation is a real risk.
Many of the deeper wrecks approach or exceed recreational depth limits. Technical diving courses are available in Coron for those wishing to explore the deeper sections of wrecks like the Irako and Akitsushima safely. Enriched air (nitrox) is recommended to extend bottom times and reduce nitrogen loading.
Planning Your Visit
Coron Town on Busuanga Island serves as the gateway to the wrecks. The town offers numerous dive operators ranging from budget to high-end, with equipment rental, courses, and guided dives readily available. Most operators run daily trips to multiple wrecks, allowing visitors to explore several sites during their stay.
Getting There
Busuanga Airport receives daily flights from Manila and Clark. From the airport, transfers to Coron Town take approximately 30-45 minutes. Ferry services also connect Coron to Manila and El Nido for those with more time.
Historical Context
The attack on September 24, 1944, was part of the broader Philippine campaign during World War II. American intelligence had identified the Japanese fleet through aerial reconnaissance, and aircraft from USS carriers launched the surprise raid. The attack demonstrated Allied air superiority and disrupted Japanese supply lines crucial to their defensive positions.
The wrecks represent a significant war grave and should be treated with appropriate respect. Artifact removal is strictly prohibited, and divers are asked to maintain a non-intrusive approach to preserve these historical sites for future generations.